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Case study: A new coal mine for Cumbria

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Environmental refugees

Victims of climate change

In recent times the impacts of climate change have become increasingly visible worldwide, with significant consequences for people and the environment. As a GCSE geographer it is important to understand the impacts of climate change around the world. This article explores how climate change is creating environmental refugees in both low-income and high-income countries.

Yu’pik hunters working in the melting ice off Nelson Island, Alaska, USA
© WorldFoto/Alamy Stock Photo

The United Nations (UN) estimates that water stress alone could displace 700 million people by 2030 and the World Bank states that there could be 216 million internal climate migrants by 2050. These are people who have to move away from their homes due to climate change.

Global temperatures have risen, on average, by around 1°C since 1900 (at the time of writing). However, this temperature rise is not evenly distributed. Since the year 2000, temperatures in the Arctic have risen by at least twice the global average. This has had a dramatic impact on life for indigenous communities in the Arctic region. Climate change has also caused sea levels to rise by 13–20 cm since the beginning of the last century. For many coastal communities, this is an unmanageable change. This article shares three examples of contemporary life which has become significantly affected, often permanently, by the impact of climate change.

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Case study: A new coal mine for Cumbria

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Geography online: Monitoring contaminated water around the UK’s coast

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