Managed retreat is one method of coastal management. It is the process of abandoning the defence of the present coastline in a controlled manner, allowing the sea to take over. In some parts of the UK, the construction of coastal defences is not enough to hold back the erosion, and managed retreat might be the only viable option.
Spurn Head is a 3.5-km-long sand and shingle spit extending from the southern end of the East Yorkshire coast across the Humber Estuary (Figure 1).
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