What does it mean?
This is the model of health and illness which is predominant in the Western world. It emerged in the mid-nineteenth century, at a time of new scientific discoveries and theories, and has a strong focus on the physical processes that affect health. The body is seen as a machine, which doctors and health professionals are able to ‘fix’ when things go wrong. The model is one of diagnosis (using appropriate scientific techniques), treatment (with an emphasis on drugs and surgery) and cure, when the body returns to a ‘normal’ healthy state.
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