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Cognitive development

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Wilhelm Wundt and the emergence of scientific psychology

Key studies

Punishment and reinforcement in schools

O’Leary et al. (1970)

Phil Banyard and Andy Grayson consider the most effective form of punishment in the context of traditional behaviourist theory

How should teachers deal with disruptive pupils? The suggestion to ‘give them a good slap’ is generally considered unacceptable these days. In truth, it is also probably not very effective.

The behaviourist B. F. Skinner argued against the use of punishment because of the range of negative responses that it creates. People, and animals, will respond to punishment with anger, and with a general suppression of behaviour, rather than just stopping the behaviour that brought about the punishment.

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Previous

Cognitive development

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Wilhelm Wundt and the emergence of scientific psychology

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