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Memory and amnesia

Memory and amnesia

Alan Baddeley, creator of the working memory model, explores our understanding of amnesia and how this can help us to understand more about human memory.

In Memento (2001) the main character has episodic memory loss. He uses photographs and tattoos as memory aids to track down his wife’s killer. Each time he becomes certain of a clue he adds it to his body.
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A few days ago I was contacted by Tomasz Stawiszynski, a Hungarian journalist. He wanted to talk to me about a story he was working on. A man had been found wandering in the forests of the Tatry Mountains of southern Poland suffering from hypothermia. He was reasonably well dressed, but not for the two or three days of extreme weather conditions he seemed to have endured. When asked his name the man replied ‘I don’t know’, and when asked where he came from he remained silent. A colleague had persuaded Tomasz that his ideas on amnesia, largely gleaned from Hollywood, were far from accurate, and suggested that he contact me. What could I tell him?

I first reassured him that his colleague was correct. Amnesia has long provided a useful and dramatic component of film scripts. A typical plot might be as follows…. The hero, who is happily married, is involved in a traumatic accident, a car crash or an accidental blow on the head and comes round with no memory of who he is or where he comes from. He begins a new life in his changed location until by chance, he meets his wife, and although he fails to recognise her falls in love all over again. Finally, as a result of an emotional shock or a blow on the head, his memory comes back and they live happily ever after.

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Memory and amnesia

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