Figure 1 The original Australian intelligence test
What do you mean by ‘intelligence’? If you ask your friends and family this question the chances are that their ideas of intelligent behaviour will vary. In fact, there are many definitions of ‘intelligence’ around the world (see Table 1), and also within psychology.
Since the first tests were set at the start of the twentieth century, certain cultural and social groups have repeatedly outperformed others. Average differences between group scores suggest that individual intellect is not the only factor being recorded during testing.
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