The terms in bold link to topics in the AQA, Edexcel, OCR, WJEC and CCEA A-level specifications, as well as the IB, Pre-U and SQA exam specifications.
Potential differences across cells activate muscle cells, causing them to contract. Pacemakers and ICDs have circuits containing batteries and capacitors to regulate the heartbeat. These days many have microprocessors and some can be checked and adjusted remotely using wireless technology.
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