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Tsunami

What gives the waves their power?

A tsunami’s power resides in the fact that it behaves as a shallow-water wave, involving the whole of the ocean. Here we examine the physics of this behaviour to determine the speed and power of the wave

Thousands of homes were destroyed by the 2011 Japanese tsunami

The terms in bold link to topics in the AQA, Edexcel, OCR, WJEC and CCEA A-level specifications, as well as the IB, Pre-U and SQA exam specifications.

A tsunami behaves as a shallow-water wave as its wavelength exceeds the depth of water, even in an ocean. The horizontal movement of the water, together with conservation of energy, explains its enormous speed and the size of the huge waves that come ashore. The kinetic energy and wave speed give its power.

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