NASA
The terms in bold link to topics in the AQA, Edexcel, OCR, WJEC and CCEA A-level specifications, as well as the IB, Pre-U and Highers/Advanced Highers exam specifications.
Helium was produced in the Big Bang and is a product of radioactive decay, yet is quite rare on Earth. It can only be liquefied at temperatures close to absolute zero. At such temperatures some materials become superconductors; their electrical properties are exploited to make strong electromagnets, which must be cooled by liquid helium.
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