The southwest of the South Island of New Zealand is a spectacular area of glaciated landscapes, with mountains descending to lush temperate rainforest. The World Heritage site Te Wahipounamu, designated in 1990, includes Westland and Mt Cook National Park and the Fjordland National Park (Figure 1).
Milford Sound is a fjord on the west coast of South Island in Fjordland National Park. It was formed by glacial over-deepening of a river valley and its vertical walls rise 1,500 m above sea level. Hanging valleys, truncated spurs and waterfalls occur along its 16 km length. The water in places is 450 m deep, but shallower towards the entrance of the fjord.
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